Do you know that the smartphone or laptop that you are using is running with the help of some operating system? Without the operating system, it would be very difficult to use these laptops or smartphones because without an operating system we have to create a particular software for every task to do that work. Such as if you give a print command from your computer to print any document, then you have to create a separate software for just one print command. Which will tell that printer that he has to print the document and for such work you will have to make different software which is a very difficult task. And to make things easier the operating system was created so that we do not have to create different software to do different tasks and we can easily manage our devices and use our mobile or computer easily. Here this post Explains more details on the operating system, functions of the Operating System, and more.
What is an operating system?
An operating system is system software that acts as an interface between the user application and computer hardware and controls the execution of every program. This means to run any application on any computer, you need an operating system. For example, if you click on its icon to open the chrome browser on your computer, then the operating system only loads it in RAM and then by processing the CPU, you will open the chrome browser on your monitor screen. . With the help of OS (Operating System), we get our task done from the computer without knowing the computer language. Without an operating system, we cannot run our mobile or computer.
List of the most frequently used operating systems:
| Operating System Name | Usage % |
| Windows | 40.34 |
| Android | 37.95 |
| Linux | 0.95 |
| Mac OS | 4.34 |
| chrome OS | 0.14 |
| Windows Phone OS | 0.06 |
History of Operating System (OS)
The first computer was designed to perform a single task, such as a calculator in 1950, the first OS to be made with a very basic version such as a resident monitor that can run automatic programs to increase processing speed. In the early 1950s, a computer could run only one program at a time. Later some machines came in which programming could be done, which was able to be read by connecting the user’s program and compiling the input and output and machine code. This was the origin of the operating system of Modern Time, but the machine still did one thing at a time.
The first UNIX OS was created in the mid-1960s when the operating system started using disks. The world’s first DOS operating system was created by Microsoft in 1981, the most popular Windows OS first came out in 1985, until now GUI was created and then integrated with MS-DOS.
Function Of Operating System
Here are some of the important functions of the operating system.
Process Management
When you process multiprocess, the OS determines which process will interact with the first processor. This function of os is called process scheduling, which is how an operating system manages process management.
Tracking the status of each process. And the program that performs this task is called Traffic Controller. Allocate the CPU to process the processor and de-allocate the processor when no process is needed.
Memory Management
The Operating System manages primary memory or main memory. Main memory is fast storage and the CPU is directly accessible by it. For any program to execute, first of all, it has to be loaded in main memory. An operating system performs the following activities for memory management.
It always tracks primary memory and determines which byte of memory is being used by which user program. Which address of memory has already been allocated and which address is still not used. Whenever a lot of programs run, in multiprogramming, the operating system determines whether or not to process how much memory is given and for how long. When a process requests it, it gives it memory and when the process is terminated it does not provide memory.
File Management
The file system is arranged in a directory to use properly or in an easy way. These directories can contain many directories and files. An operating system performs the following file management activities. It ensures that the file is called the store, who can access it, file settings, naming, file sharing, all these features are known as a file management system.
Communication in any operating system of a device is through their device driver. It performs the following activities for device management, keeping information about which devices are connected to the system. Input also maintains a specific program for the output controller, it also determines which process will use a device for how long. It allocates the device in an effective and efficient manner. And removes the device when not needed.
Security
The operating system uses password protection to protect the user’s data and also provides protection against malware and viruses.
System performance control
It monitors the system health to increase the performance of the system, which is the same as the task manager you use, it also records the time response between service request and time response which gives us complete information about system health. . And by using it, any problem in the system can be known.
Job accounting
The operating system keeps track of all the users or groups of users and all the tasks on the computer. And we can use this resource to see which user has used what resource in the computer.
Error Detecting
The operating system constantly monitors the system to detect errors and avoid computer system malfunctions.
Communication Management
The operating system is to coordinate and assign interpreter, compiler, assembler, and other software to different users.
Secondary-Storage Management
There are several levels of storage in the system, including primary storage, secondary storage, and cache storage. Instruction and data are stored in the primary memory or in the cache so that the programs running are able to reference it.
Apart from all this, the operating system also provides some other services to the user and the computer, something like this.
Execute program
Executing (meaning running) all programs within a computer system whether it is a user program or a system program is the responsibility of the operating system itself. The operating system uses every single resource of the system so that every function of the computer can function properly.
Information and Resouce Protection
It is the responsibility of the operating system to properly utilize all the information and resources available within the system. The operating system can try from any external resource to interrupt any type of data or information.
Resource Allocation
It is the operating system that decides which resource will be used by whom and for how long it will be used. It is the job of the operating system to ensure that all are well.
Accounting
What the operating system does in accounting is that it keeps a track of all the functions that run inside the system at one time. For example, if an error occurred or someone else is inside the system, the problem keeps all this information in its track.
Handling input-output
When we give any input or output to the computer, both instructions can be given from different devices, for example when you give input from mouse or from keyboard then there is a lot of difference between the input of both and these two inputs It is the job of the operating system to separate and identify which operating system does very well.
Identifying and Handling Error
When you are doing any work, then there is any problem in that time system or the operating system itself is doing some task, if it finds any error or bug then it is the job of the operating system to identify it. There is no breach inside the system from any external source. It is very important to have a very good secure OS.
Manipulation Of File System
Whatever storage media is inside your systems such as hard disk or floppy disk or a pen drive, it is also the job of the operating system to decide how data will be stored.
Friends, till now we have learned about what is the operating system, how it works, now we will know about its advantages and disadvantages.
Advantage Of Operating System
With the help of the operating system, we are able to use an application in our computer system.
Everyone acts as an interface between us and computer hardware.
Easy to use in GUI (Graphic User Interface).
Acts intermediate between hardware and application.
Due to the operating system, we are able to use the computer system easily.
Also makes our work very easy.
Disadvantage Of Operating System
If seen, there is no specific disadvantage of the operating system, because it is designed to make our advantages and work easier.